2018年5月5日雅思大作文真题 | 企业迁往农村可解决大城市交通和住房问题吗？

雅思大作文题目

Traffic and housing problems in major cities could be solved by moving large companies and factories and their employees to the countryside. To what extent do you agree with this opinion?

解析&审题

 

本次作文是2015年6月13日的原题重现。唐老师编写的《9分达人雅思写作真题还原及解析3》180-184页有本题高分范文及解析!

 

本题的核心问题是：城市的交通和住房压力很大，于是政府鼓励企业搬迁到农村地区去，此举是好还是坏？

 

我们的惯性思维当然是：此举甚好！因为企业一旦搬出城市，不仅空气好了，交通和住房压力都会大大地降低，同时还会带动农村当地的经济和发展。这些都是很有道理的，但是，大家可能没有想到，当企业搬到农村地区后，很多原来住在城市的工作人员就得往返于农村与城市之间，同时，企业若到农村地区，产品运输也会遇到更多问题。因此，如果政府鼓励企业搬往农村，就应该建立相应的配套基础设施，这样才能既降低城市交通住房压力，同时又保证企业正常经营。

 

从本期开始，唐老师将结合每周考试真题，给大家谈如何在写作中实现“批判性思维”（critical thinking）。

 

首先想申明的是，所谓批判性思维并不高深，简单地说就是我们日常生活里常说的“一分为二地看问题”。大家都同意或都反对的观点，我可以从不同角度、不同层次看出这个观点的合理和不合理之处，也就是比别人看得更深、更细、更全面，做到这一点，就可以说你具有了基本的批判思维能力。

 

本题谈及将大企业搬迁到乡村，以此来解决城市的交通和住房问题。那么，批判性思维在这里如何体现？唐老师认为，可以首先讨论将大企业搬迁到乡村如何可以有助于解决城市交通和住房问题（人口减少导致交通需求下降，住房需求下降），然后转换角度讨论此举潜在的风险：乡村的基础设施落后导致企业不容易生存；企业员工需要在城市和乡村来回奔波等。这样，本题的思维就不是只有一个角度，而是拥有了两个相关的角度（大城市的角度和企业的角度）。好了，从本题中，大家可能已经体会到：转换讨论问题的角度，可以使我们的思维带上批判性的色彩。

 

老师笔记

 

01

 

With the economic boom and rapid development of urbanisation, more and more people are now rushing into big cities, which has imposed great pressure on the urban housing and traffic. As one of the solutions to this problem, the government encourages businesses to move to the rural area, which I believe will be very effective to solve the problem of housing and traffic in cities.

 

随着经济的繁荣和城市化的快速发展，越来越多的人涌入大城市，这给城市的住房和交通带来了巨大的压力。作为这一问题的解决方案之一，政府鼓励企业迁往农村，我相信这将非常有效地解决城市的住房和交通问题。

 

解析

（1） 开头段，先引出话题（城市交通和住房压力很大），然后提出自己的观点（大企业迁往乡村有助于解决城市交通和住房问题）。注意本段中with和as短语置于句首，丰富了句式。

（2） boom 繁荣

（3） urbanisation 城市化

（4） impose...on... 把......强加给......

（5）urban 城市的

 

02

 

On the one hand, most big cities are suffering from large population and limited resources. If big companies and factories, together with their huge number of employees, move to the countryside, there will be fewer people living in the city, then with the housing pressure reduced, the housing prices will surely go down. Meanwhile, the urban traffic will also improve because the number of commuters to and from work every day is now smaller. On the other hand, businesses moving to rural area will stimulate the consumption and facilitate infrastructure in this area apart from offering employment opportunities to the local people.

 

一方面，大多数大城市人口众多，资源有限。如果大公司和工厂，再加上它们数量庞大的员工，搬到农村去，会减少住在城市的人，然后随着住房压力的降低，房价肯定会下降。同时，由于通勤人数的减少，城市交通也将有所改善。另一方面，迁往农村的企业，除了给本地人提供就业机会外，还会刺激消费，促进该地区的基础设施建设。

 

解析

（1） 本段论述企业搬迁到农村能有效解决城市住房和交通问题，论证方法是因果法：大企业搬迁--城市人口减少--住房压力小--房价下跌；同时，大企业搬迁--上下班人减少--交通改善。本段还顺便谈及大企业搬到乡村对乡村的好处（非重点论述部分，应该提及即可，不要详细论证）。注意范文的语言表述方法。

（2）resource 资源

（3）go down 下降

（4）commuter 通勤人员（按时上下班的人）

（5）stimulate 刺激

（6）consumption 消费（n.）

（7）facilitate 加快；促进

（8）infrastructure 基础设施

（9）employment opportunities 就业机会

03

 

However, some problems may arise if companies move to the countryside. One problem is that the rural area is generally backward in transportation and communication system, which may cause great inconveniences for companies. Besides, once many manufacturing factories rush to the rural areas, the peace and quiet in the areas will be immediately disrupted, hence a lot of environmental and social issues. 

 

然而，如果公司迁往农村，可能会出现一些问题。一个问题是农村交通和通讯系统普遍落后，这可能会给公司造成很大的不方便。此外，一旦许多制造业工厂涌向农村地区，当地的和平与安宁就会被打破，从而产生大量的环境和社会问题。

 

解析

（1）本段论述企业迁往城市带来的问题（给公司的问题和给乡村带来的问题）。

（2）arise 出现

（3）backward 落后的

（4）manufacturing 制造的

（5）disrupt 打破；干扰

（6）peace and quiet 和平宁静

 

04

 

Although there may be transportation, communication and environment problems if businesses move to the country area, I believe it is worth trying because it is an effective way to both solve the traffic and housing problems in major cities and improve the rural economy.

 

虽然如果企业迁往乡村地区，可能会出现交通、通讯和环境问题，但我认为这是值得一试的，因为这既能有效解决大城市的交通和住房问题，也能改善农村经济。

 

解析

（1）本段是结论，总结前文的讨论并在重申自己的观点。

（2）be worth doing... 值得做......

 

本场考试范文

With the economic boom and rapid development of urbanisation, more and more people are now rushing into big cities, which has imposed great pressure on the urban housing and traffic. As one of the solutions to this problem, the government encourages businesses to move to the rural area, which I believe will be very effective to solve the problem of housing and traffic in cities.

 

On the one hand, most big cities are suffering from large population and limited resources. If big companies and factories, together with their huge number of employees, move to the countryside, there will be fewer people living in the city, then with the housing pressure reduced, the housing prices will surely go down. Meanwhile, the urban traffic will also improve because the number of commuters to and from work every day is now smaller. On the other hand, businesses moving to rural area will stimulate the consumption and facilitate infrastructure in this area apart from offering employment opportunities to the local people.

 

However, some problems may arise if companies move to the countryside. One problem is that the rural area is generally backward in transportation and communication system, which may cause great inconveniences for companies. Besides, once many manufacturing factories rush to the rural areas, the peace and quiet in the areas will be immediately disrupted, hence a lot of environmental and social issues. 

 

Although there may be transportation, communication and environment problems if businesses move to the country area, I believe it is worth trying because it is an effective way to both solve the traffic and housing problems in major cities and improve the rural economy.

(273 words)

专栏作者：唐伟胜

新航道特约雅思学术顾问

广东外语外贸大学教授、博士

中国知名英语教育

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